Integration Without Representation: Bureaucracy, Depoliticization, and Military Formation in Post-Civil War Syria
الدمج بلا تمثيل: البيروقراطية ونزع التسييس والتكوين العسكري في سورية ما بعد الحرب الأهلية
The working paper cites “Toward a Unified National Army: The Ministry of Defense’s Restructuring Plan” and “Syrian Army Discipline: Standards and Sustainability Measures,” published by the Omran Center for Strategic Studies. The citations appear on PDF pages 13 and 16, with the references on PDF page 31. The paper was posted on SSRN on 5 October 2026 and revised on 6 October.